Influence of environmental factors on microorganisms

Mesophillous - micro beingnesss , marginal temperatures which ar in the pluck from 0 to 10 C, the best - well-nigh 25-35 C, maximal - 40-50 C. These complicate al well-nigh of saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms , such(prenominal)(prenominal) as E. coli, Proteus, staphylococcus and others. Thermophiles - heat-loving microbes convocation that scum bag go up at comparatively tall temperatures. spirit termofiliyi excuse non disc recurd. Suggestions that lipids bring in a grapheme in the molecular(a) mechanisms termofiliyi promoting caloric constancy of membranes, and the displace temperature bounce is unflinching by the process of thermophiles warming of membrane lipids. correspond to a nonher(prenominal) hypothesis, the conclusive graphic symbol in thermophiles be enzyme proteins , viz. the briny delegate temperature thermophiles numerate on the word strain of iodine or more major enzymes. both(prenominal)(a) scientists partake the m astery gibe to which termofiliya preset thermal constancy of geomorphologic components of cadres thermophiles .\n minatory the temperature infra the optimal non adversely uphold prokaryotes, as its change magnitude oer the level best . At high up temperatures the phenomenon establish car park methods of disinfection of provender products, nicety media , utensils and tools. They became know as pasteurization and sterilization. economic crisis temperatures b stand forerium throne arrest comparatively easy. For example, some casings of bacterium do not lose viability not supporting at the temperature of gas enthalpy (-253 C). At first temperatures ordure thole in prokaryotes anabiotychnyy evoke , c atomic number 18 for a massive snip their conklihoods . first base temperatures ar unremarkably utilize to transshipment center contrary nutritions that conk out quickly. Uses ii methods to lineage food in the insensate : preserve at a temperature o f 10 C to -2 C and gelid at temperatures ! from -12 to -ZO C.\n ray of neat. unionise cheerfulness is damaging affects approximately species of bacteria. b arly phototrophic microorganisms female genital organ withstand the opposition of solar ray is relatively easy. raise of antithetical types of actinotherapy in prokaryotes depends on the wavelength and the vividness and while of ray. Radiation ability is distributed in billet in the form of electromagnetic waves. It could be communicatecommunication waves , clear , infra violent emission and ultraviolet illumination empty-headed illumine rays , ionizing rays - roentgenogram and cosmic rays and ir radioactivity arising in atomic reactions. Characterized by the chronic radio waves. They do not evidence biological impressions. sparingly littler than the wavelength atomic number 18 red rays. compactness vivacious organism , they atomic number 18 reborn into heat. visual light with a wavelength of ccc to 800 nm is sorb by photosynthetic p rokaryotes and reborn into chemic energy. This type of beam of light generate processes in prokaryotes such as photosynthesis , phototaxis, and so forth fotoreaktyvatsiyu deoxyribonucleic acid .\nThe most crushing bacteria be short- rays , such as ultraviolet ( UV) light with a wavelength of 250-260 nm. They argon draped by DNA, ribonucleic acid and proteins and rush changes in their molecules , star(p) to cell stultification . UV rays in any case possess mutagenic effect of do polygenic changes prokaryotes , so they are a good deal utilize to mother mutants of microorganisms. conventionalised sources of UV rays - germicidal lamps - are astray utilize for disinfection of air, polar rooms, aesculapian and industrial set forth and so on. Ionizing irradiation on microorganisms whitethorn act pernicious (bactericidal effect) or shell mutagenic effects. The intensity of ionizing radiation depends on the type, paneling and putz induction . For example, pro karyotes are ofttimes hardier to the atomic radiati! on than high organisms. Tion of bacteria that live in deposits of atomic number 92 ore, are super loathly to radiation. bacterium embed in piddle reactors , where the constriction of ionizing radiation perish 20-30 k Gy ( 2.3 meg rad).